Shoulder Specialist in Singapore

Overview

What Is Shoulder Pain?

Symptoms of Shoulder Injuries and When to See a Shoulder Specialist

Our Specialised Treatments for Shoulder Injuries Conditions

Our Shoulder Specialist, Dr Toon Dong Hao

Why Choose HC Orthopaedic Surgery for Shoulder Pain

Your Shoulder Pain Treatment Journey with HC Orthopaedic Surgery

Who Is at Risk of Developing Shoulder Pain?

How to Prevent Shoulder Pain

Home Remedies for Shoulder Pain

Cost of Shoulder Pain Treatment in Singapore

Comprehensive Shoulder Care at HC Orthopaedic Surgery

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Shoulder Pain

Our Team of Shoulder Orthopaedic Surgeons

At HC Orthopaedic Surgery, our experienced team of specialist shoulder surgeons bring over 50 years of combined experience and advanced expertise to the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of shoulder conditions. Using a patient-centred approach and the latest orthopaedic techniques, we are committed to helping patients relieve pain, restore function, and return to their daily activities with confidence.

Specialist Orthopaedic Surgeons for Shoulder Pain and Injuries
Advanced Arthroscopic and Shoulder Reconstruction Procedures
Minimally Invasive Techniques for Faster, Safer Recovery

Dr Henry Chan

Medical Director & Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Qualifications:

MBBS (S’pore), MRCS (Edinburgh), MMed (Orthopaedic Surgery), FRCS (Edinburgh)

Dr Nicholas Yeoh

Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Qualifications:

MBChB (Edinburgh), MRCS (Edinburgh), MMed (Orthopaedic Surgery), FRCS (Edinburgh)

Dr Toon Dong Hao

Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Qualifications:

MBChB (Leeds), MRCS (Edinburgh), MMed (Orthopaedic Surgery), FRCS (Edinburgh)

Dr Tang Zhi Hao

Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Qualifications:

MBBS (S’pore), MRCS (Edinburgh), MMed (Orthopaedic Surgery), FRCS (Edinburgh)

Understanding the Condition

What Is Shoulder Pain?

Shoulder pain refers to discomfort arising from the shoulder joint or the surrounding muscles, tendons, and ligaments that support its movement. It can develop after a sudden injury, repeated strain from sports or work activities, or gradual wear-and-tear conditions such as tendon degeneration or arthritis. People with shoulder pain may notice aching, sharp pain with movement, weakness, stiffness, or difficulty lifting the arm. These symptoms can interfere with daily tasks such as reaching overhead, carrying objects, dressing, or exercising. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include activity modification, physiotherapy, medication, or targeted surgical care to restore mobility and reduce pain.

Understanding the Causes of Shoulder Pain

Shoulder pain can arise from injuries, overuse, inflammation, or gradual wear and tear affecting the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joints that support shoulder movement. Because the shoulder is one of the most mobile joints in the body, it is also more vulnerable to instability and soft-tissue injuries. Identifying the underlying cause is important in guiding the most appropriate treatment.

Rotator Cuff Tear

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that stabilise the shoulder joint and help lift and rotate the arm. Tears can occur from acute injuries, heavy lifting, or gradual degeneration over time. Common symptoms include shoulder weakness, pain when lifting the arm, and discomfort when lying on the affected side.

Shoulder Impingement

Shoulder impingement occurs when the tendons of the rotator cuff become compressed during shoulder movements, particularly when lifting the arm overhead. This can lead to inflammation, pain, and restricted movement. It often develops from repetitive overhead activities or structural changes in the shoulder joint.

Frozen Shoulder

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is characterised by progressive stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The condition develops when the joint capsule thickens and tightens, limiting movement. It typically progresses through stages of increasing pain followed by stiffness and gradual recovery.

Dislocated Shoulder

A shoulder dislocation occurs when the upper arm bone is forced out of the shoulder socket, often due to trauma or sports injuries. This can damage surrounding ligaments and soft tissues, leading to pain, swelling, and instability. Recurrent dislocations may occur if the supporting structures of the shoulder remain weakened.

Labral Tears of the Shoulder

The labrum is a ring of cartilage that helps stabilise the shoulder joint. A labral tear may result from sudden injury, repetitive overhead motion, or shoulder dislocation. Symptoms may include shoulder pain, catching or clicking sensations, and a feeling that the shoulder may slip out of place.

Shoulder Osteoarthritis

Shoulder osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage that cushions the shoulder joint gradually wears down. This leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion. The condition is more common with ageing but may also develop after previous injuries or long-term joint stress.

Signs & Symptoms Explained

Symptoms of Shoulder Injuries and When to See a Shoulder Specialist

Shoulder pain can present in different ways depending on the underlying condition affecting the joint, tendons, or surrounding muscles. Some people experience discomfort only during certain movements, while others develop persistent pain that interferes with daily activities. Recognising the symptoms can help you decide when it may be appropriate to seek medical evaluation.

Common signs and symptoms of shoulder pain may include:

Pain when lifting or reaching with the arm, especially overhead
Dull aching pain in the shoulder joint or upper arm
Sharp pain during certain movements or activities
Shoulder stiffness or reduced range of motion
Weakness in the arm or shoulder
Clicking, catching, or grinding sensations during movement
Pain that worsens at night or when lying on the affected shoulder
Swelling or tenderness around the shoulder joint

You may consider seeing a shoulder specialist if these symptoms persist for more than a few weeks, worsen over time, or begin to interfere with daily activities such as dressing, lifting objects, exercising, or sleeping. Medical evaluation may also be advisable if shoulder pain develops after a fall, accident, or sports injury, or if the shoulder feels unstable or repeatedly dislocates.

If shoulder pain persists despite conservative care, consult shoulder specialist Dr Toon Dong Hao to discuss suitable treatment options and determine whether surgical intervention may help restore shoulder function.

Treatment Options

Our Specialised Treatments for Shoulder Pain Conditions

Shoulder pain can arise from a variety of conditions affecting the tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and joints of the shoulder. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, severity of the condition, and the patient’s activity level. At HC Orthopaedic Surgery, Dr Toon Dong Hao provides both minimally invasive and reconstructive surgical procedures to help restore shoulder stability, reduce pain, and improve function when non-surgical treatments are insufficient.

Shoulder Replacement Surgery

Shoulder replacement surgery may be recommended for patients with severe joint damage, most commonly from advanced osteoarthritis, fractures, or complex rotator cuff injuries. During the procedure, the damaged portions of the shoulder joint are replaced with artificial components designed to restore smoother movement. This surgery can help relieve chronic pain and improve mobility for patients whose symptoms no longer respond to conservative treatment.

Shoulder Arthroscopy

Shoulder arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique that allows the surgeon to diagnose and treat shoulder conditions using small incisions and a specialised camera. This approach is commonly used for conditions such as rotator cuff tears, shoulder impingement, and labral injuries. Arthroscopy allows precise treatment while minimising disruption to surrounding tissues.

Shoulder Stabilisation Surgery

Shoulder stabilisation surgery is performed to address recurrent shoulder dislocations or chronic instability. The procedure focuses on repairing or tightening the structures that help keep the shoulder joint securely in place, such as the ligaments and labrum. Stabilisation surgery aims to restore joint stability and reduce the risk of repeated dislocations, particularly in active individuals or athletes.

Rotator Cuff Repair

Rotator cuff repair is performed to treat tears in the group of tendons that stabilise and move the shoulder. Tears may occur from sudden injuries, heavy lifting, or gradual wear and tear over time. The procedure involves reattaching the torn tendon to the bone, often using minimally invasive arthroscopic techniques. Repairing the rotator cuff can help restore strength, reduce pain, and improve shoulder movement.

With extensive experience in treating diverse shoulder conditions, Dr Toon Dong Hao offers specialised care tailored to each patient’s diagnosis and recovery goals.

Orthopaedic Specialist

Our Shoulder Specialist, Dr Toon Dong Hao

Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB), United Kingdom
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS), Edinburgh
Master of Medicine (Orthopaedic Surgery), Singapore
Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (Orthopaedics) (FRCSEd), Edinburgh

Dr Toon Dong Hao is a consultant orthopaedic surgeon with 12+ years of experience in orthopaedic surgery and a clinical focus on shoulder and upper-limb conditions. He graduated from the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom and completed early postgraduate training at Addenbrooke’s Hospital in Cambridge before undertaking orthopaedic residency training in Singapore.

He was awarded the Ministry of Health Singapore Health Manpower Development Plan (HMDP) Scholarship and completed a fellowship in Advanced Shoulder and Elbow Surgery in Sydney, Australia. Dr Toon specialises in treating shoulder conditions such as rotator cuff tears, shoulder instability, impingement, and sports-related injuries, using both minimally invasive arthroscopic techniques and open surgical procedures when appropriate.

Dr Toon is also among the early surgeons in Singapore to perform an all-arthroscopic muscle advancement procedure for irreparable rotator cuff tears, expanding treatment options for complex shoulder injuries. Beyond clinical practice, he contributes to orthopaedic education and training in Singapore and continues to serve as a Visiting Consultant at Khoo Teck Puat Hospital.

Our Shoulder Care Expertise

Why Choose HC Orthopaedic Surgery for Shoulder Pain

Our goal is to help you regain comfortable shoulder movement and return to your normal routine. Whether your shoulder pain comes from a sports injury, tendon tear, or long-term wear and tear, we focus on identifying the cause and guiding you towards the treatment that helps you get back to your best.

Fellowship-trained Shoulder Specialist

Dr Toon Dong Hao is a consultant orthopaedic surgeon with fellowship training in Advanced Shoulder and Elbow Surgery in Sydney, Australia. He specialises in treating shoulder and upper-limb conditions such as rotator cuff tears, shoulder instability, and sports-related injuries using both minimally invasive and reconstructive surgical techniques.

Sport-informed Care for Active Patients

Shoulder pain in active people often comes with performance goals, training deadlines, and fear of reinjury. Dr Toon’s background in functional fitness and CrossFit informs a practical approach to shoulder rehabilitation and return-to-sport planning, with treatment aligned to what you actually need your shoulder to do, not only what looks good on a scan.

Advanced Arthroscopic and Shoulder Surgery Techniques

When surgery is required, many shoulder conditions can be treated using minimally invasive arthroscopic techniques performed through small incisions. Dr Toon is also among the early surgeons in Singapore to perform an all-arthroscopic muscle advancement procedure for irreparable rotator cuff tears.

Collaborative Orthopaedic Expertise

HC Orthopaedic Surgery brings together experienced orthopaedic specialists including Dr Henry Chan, Dr Nicholas Yeoh, Dr Toon Dong Hao, and Dr Tang Zhi Hao. This collaborative environment allows patients with shoulder pain to benefit from a breadth of orthopaedic expertise, particularly when managing complex injuries or cases that may involve multiple joints.

At HC Orthopaedic Surgery, shoulder care is guided by specialised expertise and a commitment to helping patients return to comfortable movement and daily activities.

Your Journey

Your Shoulder Pain Treatment Journey with HC Orthopaedic Surgery

Managing shoulder pain begins with understanding its cause and choosing the treatment that best supports your recovery. At HC Orthopaedic Surgery, your care follows a structured approach, from accurate diagnosis to personalised treatment and rehabilitation, helping you regain shoulder movement and return safely to your daily activities.

Diagnosis

The first step in managing shoulder pain is establishing an accurate diagnosis. Shoulder conditions often involve multiple structures such as tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and joints, and many problems can present with similar symptoms.

Your consultation begins with a detailed discussion of your symptoms, medical history, and activity level, followed by a physical examination of the shoulder. Where necessary, imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI scans may be used to identify conditions such as rotator cuff tears, shoulder instability, tendon inflammation, or joint degeneration.

Treatment

Once the underlying cause of the shoulder pain has been identified, a treatment plan is developed based on the severity of the condition and your lifestyle needs.

Treatment may begin with non-surgical options such as medication, physiotherapy, activity modification, or guided rehabilitation exercises. If symptoms persist or structural damage is present, surgical procedures such as shoulder arthroscopy, rotator cuff repair, shoulder stabilisation, or shoulder replacement may be considered to restore function and relieve pain.

Rehabilitation and Long-term Shoulder Care

Managing shoulder pain does not end with treatment alone. Rehabilitation and proper shoulder care play an important role in recovery and preventing future injuries.

Patients are guided on strengthening exercises, posture correction, and activity modifications that support shoulder stability and mobility. This approach helps improve long-term shoulder function and allows patients to safely return to daily activities, work, and sports.

Know Your Risk Profile

Who Is at Risk of Developing Shoulder Pain?

Shoulder pain can affect people of all ages, but certain activities, occupations, and medical conditions may increase the likelihood of developing shoulder problems.

People who may be at higher risk of developing shoulder pain include:

Athletes and Active Individuals
People who participate in sports that involve frequent overhead movements, such as tennis, badminton, swimming, or weightlifting, place repeated stress on the shoulder joint. Over time, this can lead to conditions such as rotator cuff injuries, shoulder impingement, or instability.
Individuals with Physically Demanding Jobs
Jobs that require repetitive lifting, pushing, pulling, or overhead work can place strain on the shoulder muscles and tendons. Occupations in construction, manual labour, and certain service industries may increase the risk of shoulder injuries or chronic pain.
Older Adults
As people age, natural wear and tear can affect the tendons and cartilage within the shoulder joint. This can increase the likelihood of degenerative conditions such as rotator cuff tears or shoulder osteoarthritis.
People with Previous Shoulder Injuries
Individuals who have experienced shoulder dislocations, fractures, or tendon injuries may be more prone to recurring shoulder problems. Damage to the stabilising structures of the shoulder can sometimes lead to long-term weakness or instability.
Individuals with Certain Medical Conditions
Some medical conditions, such as diabetes or thyroid disorders, are associated with a higher risk of developing frozen shoulder. These conditions may affect the tissues around the shoulder joint and contribute to stiffness and pain.
People with Poor Posture or Sedentary Work Habits
Prolonged sitting, desk work, and poor posture can place strain on the shoulder and surrounding muscles. Over time, this may lead to muscle imbalance, stiffness, or shoulder discomfort, especially when combined with limited physical activity.

If shoulder pain does not improve with simple home care, a specialist evaluation at HC Orthopaedic Surgery can help identify the cause and guide appropriate management.

Protecting Your Shoulders

How to Prevent Shoulder Pain?

While not all shoulder conditions can be prevented, certain habits and lifestyle adjustments may help reduce the risk of developing shoulder pain or injuries. Maintaining shoulder strength, flexibility, and proper movement patterns plays an important role in protecting the joint during daily activities and sports.

Maintain Good Posture
Poor posture, especially during prolonged sitting or desk work, can place strain on the shoulders and surrounding muscles. Keeping the shoulders relaxed, the back supported, and the head aligned with the spine can help reduce unnecessary stress on the shoulder joint.
Strengthen Shoulder and Upper Back Muscles
Regular exercises that strengthen the shoulder and upper back muscles can help stabilise the shoulder joint. Strong supporting muscles improve joint control and may reduce the risk of tendon injuries or instability.
Warm Up Before Physical Activity
Engaging in a proper warm-up before exercise or sports helps prepare the shoulder muscles and tendons for activity. Gentle stretching and mobility exercises can improve flexibility and reduce the likelihood of strain or injury.
Avoid Repetitive Overuse
Repeated overhead movements or heavy lifting without adequate rest can place excessive stress on the shoulder joint. Taking breaks, modifying activities, and using proper techniques during sports or work can help prevent overuse injuries.
Practise Proper Lifting Techniques
When lifting heavy objects, it is important to keep the load close to the body and avoid sudden or awkward shoulder movements. Using proper lifting techniques can reduce strain on the shoulders and surrounding muscles.
Address Minor Shoulder Pain Early
Ignoring mild shoulder discomfort may allow the condition to worsen over time. Seeking early evaluation and managing symptoms promptly can help prevent more serious shoulder problems from developing.

Non-Surgical Care

Home Remedies for Shoulder Pain

Mild shoulder pain from minor strain or overuse may sometimes improve with simple home care. These measures can help reduce discomfort and support recovery. However, persistent or worsening pain should be assessed by a shoulder specialist.

Rest and Activity Modification
Avoid activities that aggravate the pain, especially heavy lifting or repetitive overhead movements, to allow the shoulder time to recover.
Cold or Warm Compress
Cold packs may help reduce swelling in the early stages of injury, while warm compresses can help relax tight muscles and relieve stiffness.
Gentle Stretching
Light stretching and controlled shoulder movements may help maintain flexibility and reduce stiffness, as long as they do not worsen the pain.
Over-the-counter Pain Relief
Non-prescription medications such as paracetamol or anti-inflammatory medicines may help relieve mild pain when used according to instructions.

When shoulder pain continues despite rest or home care, an evaluation by shoulder specialist Dr Toon Dong Hao can help identify the problem and guide appropriate management.

Investment In Your Health

Cost of Shoulder Pain Treatment in Singapore

The cost of treating shoulder pain can vary depending on the underlying condition and the type of treatment required. Factors such as diagnostic tests, surgical complexity, hospital charges, and rehabilitation needs may influence the overall cost of care.

Key Cost Drivers

Several factors can affect the cost of shoulder pain treatment in Singapore:

Type of treatment required

Non-surgical treatments such as physiotherapy or injections generally cost less than surgical procedures.

Diagnostic tests

Imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI scans may be required to confirm the diagnosis.

Complexity of the procedure

More complex surgeries, such as shoulder replacement, typically involve higher costs compared with minimally invasive procedures.

Hospital and facility fees

Costs may vary depending on whether the procedure is performed in a day surgery centre or a hospital.

Post-treatment rehabilitation

Physiotherapy or follow-up care may be needed to support recovery.

Insurance and Financing

Many shoulder procedures may be MediSave-claimable, depending on the surgical classification under Singapore’s Table of Surgical Procedures. Patients with MediShield Life or Integrated Shield Plans may also receive coverage for hospitalisation and surgery, which can help reduce out-of-pocket costs.

For a clearer estimate, patients are encouraged to consult the clinic for a personalised cost breakdown based on their diagnosis and recommended treatment plan.

Guiding You Towards Recovery

Comprehensive Shoulder Care at HC Orthopaedic Surgery

Shoulder pain can develop from a wide range of conditions affecting the muscles, tendons, and joints that support shoulder movement. Because the shoulder is involved in many everyday activities, persistent pain or limited mobility can quickly begin to affect work, exercise, and daily routines. Seeking timely assessment allows the underlying cause to be identified and managed appropriately, helping to restore movement, reduce discomfort, and support long-term shoulder health.

Our Specialised Team

At HC Orthopaedic Surgery, patients benefit from comprehensive orthopaedic care delivered by an experienced team of specialists. Dr Toon Dong Hao, together with Dr Henry Chan, Dr Nicholas Yeoh, and Dr Tang Zhi Hao, provides evidence-based care for shoulder pain and injuries using both non-surgical and advanced surgical techniques where appropriate.

Your Questions Answered

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Shoulder Pain

What are the most common causes of shoulder pain?

Common causes of shoulder pain include rotator cuff injuries, shoulder impingement, frozen shoulder, shoulder instability or dislocation, and degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis. Repetitive overhead activities, sports injuries, and gradual wear and tear can also contribute to shoulder problems.

How long does shoulder pain usually last?

The duration of shoulder pain depends on the underlying cause. Mild strains or overuse injuries may improve within a few days to weeks with rest and conservative care. However, conditions such as rotator cuff tears or frozen shoulder may last longer and may require medical treatment or rehabilitation.

Can shoulder pain heal without surgery?

Many shoulder conditions can be managed without surgery. Non-surgical treatments may include rest, physiotherapy, medication, activity modification, or guided rehabilitation exercises. Surgery is usually considered when symptoms persist despite conservative treatment or when there is significant structural damage.

What tests are used to diagnose shoulder pain?

Diagnosis typically begins with a physical examination and review of the patient’s symptoms and medical history. Imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI scans may be used to assess the bones, tendons, and soft tissues of the shoulder.

When should I see a shoulder specialist?

You should consider seeing a shoulder specialist if your shoulder pain persists for several weeks, worsens over time, or interferes with daily activities such as lifting, dressing, or sleeping. Medical evaluation is also recommended if the pain occurs after a fall, accident, or sports injury.

Is it okay to exercise through mild shoulder pain?

Mild discomfort can sometimes occur during exercise or rehabilitation, especially after a minor strain. However, exercise should not cause sharp pain or worsening symptoms. If shoulder pain persists, worsens during activity, or limits movement, it is advisable to stop and seek medical evaluation. A shoulder specialist can recommend appropriate exercises to support recovery.

Our Orthopaedic Specialists

Meet Our Specialist Team

Our team comprises Dr Henry Chan, Dr Nicholas Yeoh, Dr Toon Dong Hao, and Dr Tang Zhi Hao — experienced orthopaedic surgeons with subspecialty experience and a patient-centred approach to care.